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United States Special Envoy for Northern Ireland
The United States Special Envoy for Northern Ireland or more formally, the ''Special Envoy of the President and the Secretary of State for Northern Ireland'' is the top U.S. diplomat supporting the Northern Ireland peace process.〔(【引用サイトリンク】title=US Congress Records, Northern Ireland and Human Rights: Update on the Corry Collusion Inquiry Reports, 16 March 2005 )〕
==Origins==
Traditionally U.S. leaders were reluctant to get involved in the Troubles in Northern Ireland, viewing it primarily as an internal matter of the United Kingdom.〔SOURCE〕 However when Bill Clinton became U.S. President that changed. When Clinton was on the campaign trail as the Democratic candidate for President in 1992, he suggested both orally and in a letter to Congressman Bruce Morrison that he would favor the appointment of a Special Envoy for Northern Ireland.〔(【引用サイトリンク】title=White House Briefing, 23 February 1993 )〕 Clinton was not alone in supporting a more active U.S. involvement in Northern Ireland. On February 23, 1993, shortly after Clinton assumed office as President, Representative Joseph P. Kennedy, together with 16 co-sponsors, sponsored a Congressional Resolution calling for the appointment of a Special Envoy. The Resolution called that it be:〔(U.S. House Concurrent Resolution 49 of the 103rd Congress, 1st Session (H. CON. RES. 49) – concerning the appointment of a special envoy to Northern Ireland. ) The Resolution also recalled that ''“the list of human rights abuses involving the British Government is lengthy and well documented"'' and that ''“the United States has a unique opportunity to insist that Great Britain adhere to recognized standards of international law in Northern Ireland"''.〕
However, the proposed Resolution initially came to nothing.〔(【引用サイトリンク】title=The Resolution tabled was referred to House Subcommittee on Europe and the Middle East where no decision was made – Source: U.S. Congress online records )〕 Nevertheless, Clinton discussed the prospect of appointing a Special Envoy with the Irish premier, Albert Reynolds when the two leaders first met on St. Patrick's Day in 1993. However Clinton deferred any appointment.〔(【引用サイトリンク】title=White House St. Patrick's Day Speech of President Clinton on 17 March 1993 )〕 When the Provisional Irish Republican Army (IRA) declared a ceasefire in 1994, Sinn Féin party leader, Gerry Adams urged Washington to play a "nudging role" as it did in South Africa and the Middle East. Congressman Bruce Morrison was considered a potential candidate.〔
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